Iodine Electronic Configuration is: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁵.
In this article, we will study how electrons are arranged in different shells and subshells in the Iodine atom.
1. Iodine
Iodine is a non-metallic element with the symbol I and atomic number 53. It is a halogen and is located in group 17 of the periodic table.
Iodine is a dark grey or purple-black solid with a metallic luster when heated. It has a low melting point and a high boiling point, and it is slightly soluble in water. Iodine is essential for human health, as it is required for the synthesis of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism.
It is also used in a variety of industrial applications, including the production of dyes, pharmaceuticals, and photographic chemicals. In its elemental form, iodine is toxic and can cause skin irritation, respiratory problems, and other health issues.
2. Electronic Configuration of Iodine
The atomic number of Iodine (I) is 53. Therefore, the electronic configuration of Iodine can be represented as:
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p5
Here, the first shell contains 2 electrons (1s²), the second shell contains 8 electrons (2s² 2p⁶), the third shell contains 18 electrons (3s² 3p⁶), the fourth shell contains 2 electrons in the s-orbital (4s²) and 10 electrons in the d-orbital (3d¹⁰), the fifth shell contains 2 electrons in the s-orbital (5s²) and 10 electrons in the d-orbital (4d¹⁰), and the fifth shell also contains 5 electrons in the p-orbital (5p⁵).
3. Distribution of Electrons in Shell in Iodine Atom
The distribution of electrons in the shells of an Iodine (I) atom can be represented as follows:
- First shell: 2 electrons
- Second shell: 8 electrons
- Third shell: 18 electrons
- Fourth shell: 32 electrons
- Fifth shell: 5 electrons
Therefore, the electron distribution in shells in an Iodine atom can be written as 2, 8, 18, 32, 5.
The first shell contains a maximum of 2 electrons, and it is completely filled in an Iodine atom. The second shell can hold a maximum of 8 electrons, and it contains 8 electrons in an Iodine atom. The third shell can hold a maximum of 18 electrons, and it contains 18 electrons in an Iodine atom.
The fourth shell can hold a maximum of 32 electrons, and in an Iodine atom, it contains 2 electrons in the s-orbital (4s²) and 10 electrons in the d-orbital (3d¹⁰), and 20 electrons in the p-orbital (4p⁶). The fifth shell can hold a maximum of 50 electrons, and in an Iodine atom, it contains 2 electrons in the s-orbital (5s²), 10 electrons in the d-orbital (4d¹⁰), and 5 electrons in the p-orbital (5p⁵).
4. Valence Electrons in Iodine
In an Iodine (I) atom, there are 7 valence electrons. These valence electrons are present in the outermost shell of the atom, which is the fifth shell. The fifth shell contains 5 electrons in the p-orbital and 2 electrons in the s-orbital, making a total of 7 valence electrons.
The valence electrons are the electrons involved in chemical reactions and bonding with other atoms. Read More.
5. Valency of Iodine
The valency of Iodine (I) can vary depending on the chemical reaction and the oxidation state of the element. However, the most common valency of Iodine is -1, +1, +3, +5, or +7.
This is because Iodine has 7 valence electrons, and it can either gain or lose electrons to complete its octet (or duplet, in the case of +1 valency) in chemical reactions. For example, in the compound sodium iodide (NaI), Iodine has a valency of -1, meaning it has gained one electron to complete its octet. In the compound iodine heptafluoride (IF7), Iodine has a valency of +7, meaning it has lost 7 electrons to form 7 bonds with fluorine atoms.
Key Takeaways
- The chemical symbol of Iodine is I.
- The atom of Iodine has an atomic number of 53.
- The electronic configuration of Iodine is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁵.
- Iodine has seven valence electrons.
- The most common valency of Iodine is -1, +1, +3, +5, or +7.
FAQs
What is the electronic configuration of Iodine?
The electronic configuration of Iodine is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁵.
How many electrons are present in the valence shell of Iodine?
Iodine has 7 valence electrons in its fifth shell.
What is the maximum number of electrons that can be present in the third shell of an Iodine atom?
The third shell of an Iodine atom can hold a maximum of 18 electrons.
What is the significance of the electronic configuration of Iodine?
The electronic configuration of an element determines its chemical and physical properties, including its reactivity and the way it interacts with other elements.
How does the electronic configuration of Iodine explain its chemical properties?
Iodine has 7 valence electrons, which makes it highly reactive and prone to forming chemical bonds with other elements in order to complete its octet. This reactivity allows Iodine to form a wide range of compounds with other elements, including metals and non-metals.
What is the role of Iodine in human health?
Iodine is very essential nutrient for the human body, as it is required for the synthesis of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism. A lack of iodine can lead to thyroid problems, including goitre and hypothyroidism.
What are some common applications of Iodine in the industry?
Iodine is used in a variety of industrial applications, including the production of dyes, pharmaceuticals, and photographic chemicals. It is used in the manufacture of electronics and as a disinfectant.