There are two atoms in the compound NaCl. The chemical formula (NaCl), which indicates a 1:1 ratio of sodium cation to chloride anion, is used to refer to the ionic compound sodium chloride, also known as salt. It is a solid, white, crystalline substance. It is known as a saline solution when it is in aqueous form. The salt that contributes the most to the saltiness of seawater and the extracellular fluid of many multi-cellular organisms is sodium chloride. Table salt is frequently used as a flavoring and for food preservation in its edible form. Seawater contains sodium chloride in concentrations ranging from 1% to 5%. The molecular weight of NaCl is 58.44 g/mol. Sodium chloride has a pH of 7.
Properties of NaCl
NaCl has a molar mass of 58.443 g/mol.
It has no odor and takes the form of cubic crystals.
The melting point is 800 °C and the boiling point is 1,465 °C.
It is a good conductor of electricity and is soluble in water.
The density of it is 2.165 g/cm3.
It has a face-centered cubic crystal structure.
The coordination number is 6, and the octahedral geometry of the coordination for Na+ and Cl–.
It decomposes at high temperatures, releasing poisonous gases of Na2O and HCl.
Sodium chloride is non-toxic and safe in small doses.
Due to the weak basicity of Cl– ions, sodium chloride solution has a pH of 7.
1. How many Atoms are in NaCl?
Sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) are the two components that make sodium chloride or NaCl. Each sodium and chlorine atom makes up one molecule of sodium chloride or NaCl. Thus, there are two total atoms in each NaCl molecule. Similar calculations can be made to determine how many atoms makeup a mole of sodium chloride. Na and Cl are each present in 1 atom per molecule, therefore 1 mole of NaCl will contain 1 mole of each. We know that 1 mole of anything equals 6.023 × 1023 atoms or the Avogadro number. As a result, 1 mole of NaCl will have 6.023 × 1023 atoms of Na and 6.023 × 1023 atoms of Cl, for a total of 12.046 × 1023 atoms.
1. Sodium
The Medieval Latin word "sodanum" and the English word "soda" are where sodium gets its name. The Latin name "Natrium" was abbreviated to form the element symbol, Na. In his early periodic chart, Swedish chemist Berzelius was the first to introduce the symbol Na for sodium.
Although sodium rarely occurs in nature alone, its compounds have been useful for many years. It took until 1808 for the discovery of elemental sodium.
2. Chlorine
The chemical element chlorine has an atomic number of 17 and the symbol Cl. It belongs to the halogen family of elements and is located between fluorine and bromine on the periodic table. Chlorine is a light, greenish-yellow gas under standard pressure and temperature. It is a highly reactive element and strong oxidant, just like other halogens.
3. Formation of Sodium Chloride
The electropositive sodium metal and the electronegative chlorine non-metal are the two components involved in the formation of sodium chloride. The two components are joined to create the compound in the simple ratio of 1:1. Sodium has three shells and a total of 11 electrons, with an electrical configuration of 2, 8, and 1. It is in the process of losing one electron from its outermost shell to form a positively charged ion i.e., sodium cation, Na+. There are 17 electrons among the three shells of the chlorine atom. Its electronic configuration is 2, 8, 7. During the formation of sodium chloride, it is in the process of gaining one electron and forms the chloride ion Cl–.
Thus, one electron from the sodium atom's outermost shell is donated, which the chlorine atom gains, resulting in the formation of sodium chloride. Therefore, the transfer of electrons is what causes sodium chloride to form.
Key Points
Sodium chloride is commonly referred to as table salt. Other names for the NaCl compound include sea salt, rock salt, etc. Halite
In an ionic bond between sodium and chlorine, one atom gives up an electron while the other atom accepts it.
NaCl has a face-centered cubic crystalline structure and is a form of a cubic crystal.
The compound NaCl is made up of two atoms.
FAQs
1. What is the chemical formula for sodium chloride?
The chemical formula for sodium chloride is NaCl.
2. What type of bonding is present in NaCl?
Sodium chloride (NaCl) is held together by ionic bonding.
3. What is the atomic structure of sodium chloride?
Sodium chloride is composed of one sodium atom and one chlorine atom. The sodium atom has 11 protons and 11 electrons, while the chlorine atom has 17 protons and 17 electrons.
4. How does the number of atoms in sodium chloride affect its properties?
The properties of sodium chloride are largely determined by the number and arrangement of its constituent atoms. For example, the high electronegativity of chlorine gives sodium chloride its high melting and boiling points.
5. Can the number of atoms in sodium chloride be changed?
No, the number of atoms in a chemical compound is fixed and cannot be changed. However, it is possible to break the bonds between the atoms and separate the compound into its individual elements. This process is called chemical decomposition
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